The research on public economics at Labex MME-DII can be roughly divided into three categories. A large amount of research projects is devoted to the analysis of fiscal and redistributive policy, which represents both a major field of public intervention and an important topic of public economics. The main focus of this work is the analysis of different tax policies in terms of their distortionary and redistributive effects with the goal of designing optimal taxation schemes. Estimation of household response to fiscal policy is also a crucial issue in order to assess the effectiveness of various fiscal policies and requires a combination of taxation theory and microeconometric tools. Measuring the distributive effect of taxes is also an important concern from a social and political perspective. A second aspect concerns the analysis of public policy in the realms of employment, education and health. In this respect, attention will be devoted to policies aiming at equalizing opportunities across individuals. Finally, the study of elections and voting rules, as well as of political processes constitutes an important area of interest for the Labex MME-DII.
Topics in Public Economics:
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Researchers with interest in Public Economics
Olivier Baguelin (EPEE)
I work on the empirical analysis of the French labor market, as well as on microeconomic theory beyond markets.
Pascal Belan (THEMA)
My research belongs to the field of public economics and labor economics. A first area of research relates to optimal taxation issues and especially optimal indirect taxation. A second area would be the analysis of public policies to support vocational training, and their effects in matching models. Finally, some of my recent researches consist in analyzing fiscal devaluation policies and their effects on international trade in a currency union.
Olivier Bos (LEMMA)
Social status, or prestige, is an important motive for buying art or collectibles and for participation in charity auctions. My current research program is about how prestige motives affect the usual auction results. It is a theoretical and experimental research program.
Clément Carbonnier (THEMA)
I use both theoretical and empirical models in order to assess the impact of socio-fiscal policies on the building and governance of welfare states.
Olivier Charlot (TEMA)
There are 3 main topics in my research: 1. the study of the links between education and unemployment and the (in)efficiency of education investments in a frictional labor market. 2. the study of labor market institutions and their impact on equilibrium unemployment. I’m more particularly interested in the impact of dual employment protection. 3. the study of the impact of public policies on equilibrium unemployment and informality in developing countries.
Raouf Chouikha (LAGA)
Dynamical systems, ODE, Analysis, Special functions with application to public economics.
Sebastien Courtin (THEMA)
My research deals with Social Choice theory and Game theory, which provide the usual tools used by economists to study political phenomena, and in particular electoral behavior. In one part of my research, using positive and normative approaches, I studied two families of voting rules, the Borda voting rules, and the Condorcet voting rules. For both families, I evaluate the conditions at which these rules are vulnerable to different paradoxes (Sponsoring manipulability, Reinforcement violation, Condorcet consistency…). The second part of my research deals with the measure of the individual power in some bargaining processes. I determine and characterize new power index, which takes into account a priori complex relationship between players. Furthermore, in order to complete this theoretical analysis, some applications are provided (about the European Parliament, about some legislative elections…). A more recent part of my research deals with the search of equilibria in voting game, using a non-cooperative game theory approach.
Virgile Deslandre (LEMMA)
In my work, I evaluate how relevant would be to use randomization mechanism in elections process.
Marc-Arthur Diaye (EPEE)
Decision theory: preference relations, utility theory, random sets, qualitative decision theory. Non-parametric tests: Tests of (semi-) rationalization of a data set by non-standard preference relations.
Applied econometrics and applied mechanism design: non-monetary incentives, intrinsic motivation, corporate social responsibility, effects of ISO 9001, effects of ISO 14001.
History of Economic Thought: What kind of decision theory can we derive from David Hume’s works.
Olivier Donni (THEMA)
My research concerns empirical and theoretical modelling of household behavior, with a focus on intrahousehold inequality. I am also interested in marriage market models and their connection with inequality issues.
Jean-Baptiste Fleury (THEMA)
I study the history of the relationship between economics and other social sciences.
Laurence Jacquet (THEMA)
As an economist whose interests primarily focus on public economics, most of my research has been conducted on the determination of optimal tax profiles and on correcting inequalities in labor income using taxation.
Ekaterina Kalugina (EPEE)
My research interests are centered on poverty and the labor market institutions, with a special emphasis on European countries and Russia. Since 2010 my research projects focus on quality of working life in Europe as well as the links between working poverty and globalization in advanced European countries. The results suggest a decreasing trend in the quality of working life in Europe between 2005 and 2010. We also find a clear evidence of a distinct effect of globalization on working poverty that depends on the trade partners. In line with the analytical predictions, trade with emerging countries has a positive and significant effect on in-work poverty whereas the effect of trade with developed countries is non-significant.
Joseph Lafranchi (LEMMA)
My work is largely devoted to the understanding of motivation and well-being of employees. On one hand, I try to unveil what are the motives of employees for working efficiently in various institutional forms of organizations: for-profit firms, non-profit and public sector organizations. On the other hand, I analyze the link between the organization of work and production and different facets of employee well-being like job satisfaction and health. Finally, my latest research project is concerned with the labor market consequences of chronic disease.
Arnaud Lefranc (THEMA)
My research tries to understand inequality in modern societies. A first research axis tries to understand the role of family background in shaping individual economic success. I analyze the intergenerational transmission of inequality within families, trying to assess both its extent and the causal mechanisms through which family resources constrain children’s outcomes. I also analyze in particular the effect of family size on children’s outcomes. I also focus on estimating the effectiveness of public policy, in particular preschool programs, at reducing inequality. My research also focuses on the definition and measurement of equality of opportunity. I offer new criterions and empirical measures by bridging political philosophy, decision theory and statistical inference tools.
Priscilla Lemoyne (LEMMA)
The main objective of my work is to analyze workers’ supply of unpaid overtime in the private sector as compared to that of public agents, defined as those working for units producing social and collective goods and services. We try to find evidence for existence of a pro-social motivation among public agents.
Paul Maarek (THEMA)
My works are both empirical and theoretical. My main research interest focus on the political process at work in autocracies (democratization process, coups, political turnover). I also works on institutions, political economy in democracies, good and labor market regulations and the determinants of the labor share.
Stefania Marcassa (THEMA)
I specialize in labor and household economics, with a special interest in the evolution of marriage rates, fertility, and female labor force participation.
Matieu Martin (THEMA)
Social choice, game theory, power indices theory.
Matias Nunez (THEMA)
My research focuses on the design of electoral institutions. Building on game theory, my objective is to identify the virtues and shortcomings of several mechanisms used in real-life large elections. Lately, I have also been working on bargaining/dispute resolution procedures in which a few agents (rather than a large electorate) need to reach some consensus.
Nona Pepito (CERESSEC)
My research explores the incentive effects of transparency in teams and the strategic disclosure of information in organizations.
Nathalie Rey (CEPN)
My research activities revolve around three main themes. 1. The restructuring of the banking sector and insurance. I am interested particularly in the legitimacy of the intervention of the State in the financial system. The intervention can be done directly through the public financial sector, and indirectly by law, regulation and control. 2. The development and the role of financial innovations and financial risk and more specifically the credit risk. I am interested in innovative models of evaluation of financial assets and quantification of financial risks. The main contribution of these models would be a better estimate of the assets and risks through the introduction of long-term macroeconomic variables.
3. The behavior of investors and portfolio management.
Sarah Sandford (ESSEC)
I work on agency problems where principal and agents have conflicting social goals. Concretely I have worked on conflicts between donors and NGOs, and between bureaucrats and those who manage them. I also work on the effect of fixed costs in the charitable sector on the efficiency of the sector, using both theory and experimental approaches.